Code No. 502.08 Search and Seizure

School district property is held in public trust by the board.  The board believes that illegal, unauthorized or contraband materials may cause material and substantial disruption to the school environment or presents a threat to the health and safety of students, employees or visitors on the school district premises or property within the jurisdiction of the school district.

School district authorities may, without a search warrant, search students or protected student areas based on a reasonable suspicion that school district policy, rule, regulation or law has been violated.  The search shall be in a manner reasonable in scope to maintain order and discipline in the schools, promote the educational environment, and protect the safety and welfare of students, employees, and visitors to the school district facilities.

The furnishing of a locker, desk or other facility or space owned by the school and provided as a courtesy to a student, even if the student provides the lock for it, shall not create a protected student area and shall not give rise to an expectation of privacy with respect to the locker, desk or other facility.

School authorities may seize any illegal, unauthorized or contraband materials discovered in the search.  Items of contraband may include, but are not limited to, nonprescription controlled substances, marijuana, cocaine, amphetamines, barbiturates, apparatus used for controlled substances, alcoholic beverages, nicotine, weapons, explosives, poisons, and stolen property.  Such items are not to be possessed by a student while they are on school district property or on property within the jurisdiction of the school district; while on school owned and/or operated school or chartered vehicles; while attending or engaged in school activities; and while away from school grounds if the misconduct will directly affect the good order, efficient management, and welfare of the school district.  Possession of such items will be grounds for disciplinary action including suspension or expulsion and may be reported to local law enforcement officials.

Approved:  October 20, 1997

Revised/Reviewed:  April 22, 2024

Code No. 502.8E1 Search and Seizure Checklist

What factors caused you to have a reasonable suspicion that the search of this student or the student’s effects, locker or automobile would turn up evidence that the student has violated or is violating the law, school policy, rules or regulations?

            A.     Eyewitness account.

             1.     By whom:  ____________________________________________________                                                       

             2.     Date/Time:____________________________________________________                                                

             3.     Place:________________________________________________________                                                        

             4.     What was seen:_________________________________________________                                                     

 

            B.     Information from a reliable source.

             1.     From whom:___________________________________________________                                                   

             2.     Time received:_________________________________________________                                                  

             3.     How information was received:____________________________________                                  

             4.     Who received the information:_____________________________________                                  

             5.     Describe information:____________________________________________

 

            C.     Suspicious behavior.  Explain.

                     _____________________________________________________________

                     _____________________________________________________________

                     _____________________________________________________________

           

            D.     Student’s past history.  Explain.

                     _____________________________________________________________

                    

            E.      Time of search:                                                                  

            F.      Location of search:                                                              

            G.     Student told purpose of search:____________________________________                                                  

            H.     Consent of student requested:_____________________________________                                                    

 

II.        Was the search you conducted reasonable in terms of scope and intrusiveness?

            A.     What were you searching for:                                                      

            B.     Where did you search:___________________________________________

            C.     Sex of the student:                                                              

            C.     Age of the student:                                                           

            D.     Emergency of the situation:_______________________________________                                         

            E.      What type of search was being conducted: ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­___________________________

            F.      Who conducted the search:                                                       

                     Position:____________________________________ Sex:______________                

  1. Witness(s):____________________________________________________

                     _____________________________________________________________

III.       Explanation of Search.

            A.     Describe the time and location of the search: _________________________

            B.     Describe exactly what was searched:                                               

            C.     What did the search yield:                                                      

            D.     What was seized:_______________________________________________

                                                   

  1. Were any materials turned over to law enforcement authorities:__________

         _____________________________________________________________

 

  1. Were parents notified of the search including the reason for it and the scope:

         _____________________________________________________________                          

Revised/Reviewed:  April 22, 2024

Code No. 502.8R1 Search and Seizure Regulation

  1. Searches, in general.
    1. Reasonable Suspicion:  A search of a student will be justified when there are reasonable grounds for the suspicion that the search will turn up evidence that the student has violated or is violating the law or school policy, rules or regulations.  Reasonable suspicion may be formed by considering factors such as the following:
      1. eyewitness observations by employees;
      2. information received from reliable sources;
      3. suspicious behavior by the student; or,
      4. the student’s past history and school record although this factor alone is not sufficient to provide the basis for a reasonable suspicion.
    2. Reasonable Scope:  A search will be permissible in its scope or intrusiveness when the measures adopted are reasonably related to the objectives of the search. Reasonableness of scope or intrusiveness may be determined based on factors such as the following:
      1. the age of the student;
      2. the sex of the student;
      3. the nature of the infraction; and
      4. the exigency requiring the search without delay.
  2. Types of Searches
    1. Personal Searches
      1. A student’s person and/or personal effects (e.g., purse, backpack, etc.) may be searched when a school official has reasonable suspicion to believe the student is in possession of illegal or contraband items or has violated school policies, rules, regulations or the law.
      2. Personally intrusive searches will require more compelling circumstances to be considered reasonable.
        1. Pat-Down Search:  If a pat-down search or a search of a student’s garments (such as jackets, socks, pockets, etc.) is conducted, it will be conducted in private by a school official of the same sex as the student and with another adult witness of the same sex present, when feasible.
        2. A more intrusive search, short of a strip search, of the student’s person, handbags, book bags, etc. is permissible in emergency situations when the health and safety of students, employees or visitors are threatened.  Such a search may only be conducted in private by a school official of the same sex as the student, with an adult of the same sex present unless the health or safety of students will be endangered by the delay which may be caused by following these procedures.
    2. Locker Inspections and Searches:  Although school lockers are temporarily assigned to individual students, they remain the property of the school district at all times.  The school district has a reasonable and valid interest in insuring the lockers are properly maintained.  For this reason, lockers and desks are subject to unannounced inspections and students have no legitimate expectation of privacy in the locker or desk.  Periodic inspections of all or a random selection of lockers may be conducted by school officials in the presence of the student.  Any contraband discovered during such inspections shall be confiscated by school officials and may be turned over to law enforcement officials.  The contents of a student’s locker or desk (coat, backpack, purse, etc.) may be searched when a school official has reasonable suspicion that the contents contain illegal or contraband items.  Such searches should be conducted in the presence of another adult witness when feasible.
    3. Automobile Searches:  Students are permitted to park on school premises as a matter of privilege, not of right.  The school retains authority to conduct routine patrols of the student parking lots.  The interior of a student’s automobile on the school premises may be searched if the school official has reasonable suspicion to believe that illegal, unauthorized or contraband items are contained inside.

Approved:  November 17, 1997

Revised/Reviewed:  April 22, 2024